Food is a hard thing to balance and you've got to harvest a lot more than you need to eat to make it through the winter months; a few tips from my playing;
1) Ensure you've more than enough supply storage space - two warehouses to really ensure that you're people won't end up losing stock
2) Use roads to speed up movement between the buildings
3) Avoid schools early on - education makes for more income per person; but it takes time to be educated and it eats up your new labourers as they appear until they are educated. Save it for when you've a healthy community
4) Ensure you've got a supply of tools to help increase output.
5) Make sure harvesting huts for food and hunting are not too close to town - you want them in the wilds to harvest. I've had good luck building little groups of foresters; hunters and gather huts together; but I've also spaced out a few food huts in independent locations.
6) Shift workers around. If you're not cutting firewood take the people out of that and put them into something else. Similarly if you're not building get your wood and stone harvesters and your builders into other jobs. Anyone can do anything in this game so feel free to move people around as you need to to ensure good output. Sometimes you have to avoid building or work with only a very small number of workers and builders and build slower so that the rest of the population can continue to function.
7) Crop rotation - whilst output of fields don't diminish (far as I know this was a feature that was later removed) if you harvest the same crop over and over you'll fast find you've got plagues wiping them out.
8) Leather - early on if you've got a few hunting huts build a tailor - not only do you get leather clothes to warm your people, but you should be easily able to over-produce your need here. That lets you build up a bulk of resources to trade with - as soon as you can afford it you want to buy in seeds so that you can begin to farm in more food. Esp as farms let you then expand and develop around your settlement since they don't require huge wilderness areas around them to function.
9) Space your harvesting sites out only as far as they need to be to function - you want short access routes to them otherwise even if you produce well your chain of supply is more broken.
10) Always try to overproduce on food so that when winter comes and population expansion takes place you've got a bit of a buffer - if you get a lot of excess its great as you've now go trade resources.
11) remember when you tell a trading post to stock X number of goods that value remains fixed even if you sell them on. Which means that the trading warehouse will directly restock from the stockpile to get back to that store value its set to. This can mean your production flow is crippled for a while. So when you sell something always check the stock level that the trading post is set to restock to and adapt the value as needed .
IT's a tricky game and often you have to speed things up and develop the settlement slowly through patches to gradually build up and then grow into the expansion.
TheEddevilish: It's fine to put gatherers, hunters and foresters together. Herbalists and foresters together isn't so good, because the herbalists needs to be in an area with ancient trees to work best.
Jaysyn: According to
this wiki, it's tree density, not tree age that matters.
Foresters should be ok - so long a they are replenishing the stock and not stripping out the trees. Far as I know you can run foesters near to each other and get good success because they replace what they take in their radious