Game crashes.

How to replicate:

Start the game.
It goes through legal info screen, through Team17 logo, loading screen, and game logo screen (with grass in background).
Upon pressing Enter button, the picture goes underground (as expected), freezes for a second and exits the game.

My laptop only has integrated graphics card with 256 MB of memory, but have 8GB RAM. Could this be a problem?
If not, can the fact that I am running in 200% scaling affect the game?

According to the store page, the game requires at least one of the following graphics cards: NVIDIA GeForce 8600 GT (256 MB), Intel HD3000 or Radeon HD 3650 (512 MB).
Please, provide more information about the hardware of your laptop.

My integrated display adapter is Intel HD Graphics 520 (see screenshots).

Win UI scaler is not a god thing (never be). That can be fixed by experiment with disable full screen optimisation and various DPI scaling options for exe properties.
Also set Keep Aspect ratio in video driver. Make sure Windows and video driver power safe mode is off/maximum performance