Unkalibriert: That is a reaaally tiny resolution nowadays... maybe you should move on to a bigger screen next time?
As far as the info in
this thread goes, the screen needs a larger resolution to render more things.
And here I thought that's a reeaaaaally standard resolution on notebook PCs of 15 or so inches. Sure you can get them with 1080p or above resolutions, but it will make reading text which doesn't scale to DPI hard to read. As it is I already have trouble enough playing Terraria on this screen, shrinking pixels would not help at all there.
I'm guessing tiles and sprites are already scaled up a few times. It might be possible, depending on how the game was code, to make a setting for scaling (like Starbound has). But something inbetween 2x and 3x would require a lot of work I fear as you'd have to start smoothing out scaled half-pixels and such.
For me, I'm okay with the zoomed in look. I have been thinking of tossing the game onto my TV though just to be able to lean back in the couch. The game does look rather nice