I am able to play some graphic intense games on my PC without issue, and when I installed the game and launched it, I noticed something very odd. The game is compressed into a very small window, with a massive black border all the way around. Graphics aren't bad; but, I feel I need some good glasses to see everything. Is this normal?

Well, no.
The game has a native format of 4:3, you can extend it easily to 16:9, for example.
Try changing your resolution in the game, and if that doesn't work, in the configuration file itself.
Also check whether your graphic card's driver has a configuration tool attached, where you could find something to scale your screen, and so on.

What's your monitor resolution? The game can go up to 1280x1024, IIRC. Since the game only supports 4:3 resolutions, no, you can't. Unless you want to play with the image stretched/deformed.

Really. How about this sticky, eh?

You said: "you can extend it easily to 16:9".

Thanks to everyone for their replies. It is clear I have to determine what is transpiring and try to make some changes. Thanks as well to all the suggestions!

Just as mentioned earlier, up a few posts:
Check out the Stickied post at the top of this forum called Widescreen