PtaW: You're probably right - just loved the sound for this game on the amiga......:(
tfishell: Actually, I believe there may be ways to adjust the kinds of emulated sound in DOSBox (Adlib, Soundblaster, etc.)
I don't personally know how to do this, but I believe if you have the patience to read through this,
http://www.dosbox.com/wiki/Sound, it may help you find a more acceptable solution.
The PC soundtrack is different from the Amiga one; I'm not sure what the GOG release configures by default, but it's possible to use the PC Speaker, Tandy 3-voice, Adlib and Roland MT-32 in the original release.
You can specify which to use during startup with commands like the following:
populous.exe vga speaker
populous.exe vga tandy (requires tandy=on in dosbox's speaker section)
populous.exe vga adlib
populous.exe vga roland
I remember these options being located somewhere in the manual, but I lost mine ages ago.
They all just play the same repetitive song on loop, however; It's probably best to just turn the music off (there's a button for it on the bottom part of the interface), and play something else in the background