I just installed the game. I see there are 11 patches that can be downloaded in "Extras".

I ran the game and bottom left corner it says Version 1.2.40068 so ... if the version corresponds to patches, the it would appear that the patches are already installed with the game install?

But I will ask the question:
Do I have to download and run all the patches? Or are the patches automatically installed with the game?

Use the EVERSPACE™ 2 (Part 1 of 9) to EVERSPACE™ 2 (Part 9 of 9) offline files to install the game and you'll have the latest version of the game ready to play. The patch installer files are only needed if you've already installed a older version of EVERSPACE™ 2.