I installed all Deponia Games via Gog Galaxy on my laptop, but all of Deponia 1-3 fails to start (i.e, a "black fullscreen" flashes up twice, an then I am back at my desktop), while Deponia 4 starts normally.

According to some Forum comment I looked up the files at C:\Users\Ackermann\AppData\Local\Daedalic Entertainment\* and the messages.log reads:

13:18:46: Error: Abnormal program termination. Saved dump file to 'C:\Users\Xyz\AppData\Local/Daedalic Entertainment/Deponia 3/vsplayer.dmp'
13:18:46: Error: Executable: Visionaire 4.2.5 (Build date: Dec 6 2015, Build 1185)

I tried reinstalling but this did not help. Does anyone have an idea where the problem lies? Thanks for your kind help.

System:
Dell Latitude E6410
Windows 7 Pro SP1 (64bit)
Intel(R) Core i5 CPU M560 @ 2.67GHz
4GB RAM
Intel(R) HD Graphics

I had a similar issue, not sure if it's related though. Check your system sound settings. The game crashes if sampling and bit depth are set too high (even though other apps work with them). 24 bits and 48 kHz should do.