You need to supply the basic needs of your citizens:
Food: A couple of farms, a granary and a marketplace.
Water: A fountain or two near the houses, a reservoir near the fountains and if that reservoir is not near water you need another reservoir that is near water water and an aqueduct connecting them. You can just build wells, but you will want to upgrade them almost immediately so it is better to do the plumbing up front.
Prefectures, Engineers Posts and Doctors: These prevent your houses burning down, falling down and getting the plague respectively
Gardens and Plaza: These make your settlement more attractive so you get more immigrants. You need this because if you only get a couple of houses there won't be enough people to do even the basic jobs and your settlement will fall apart one way or another.
Houses: Obviously
Roads: You should be aware that most utilities have someone who comes out of the building and wanders randomly, giving any houses they pass the benefits of their service. This is true even when it doesn't really make sense, for example children come out of schools to educate the people in houses, rather than coming out of houses and going to school to get educated. They wander randomly for 25 or more tiles depending on type and then take the shortest route back.
This means that you should aim for long roads with few intersections, because if you have a lot of intersections, these wanderers are more likely to go round in circles or simply not visit important places that are nearby, with potentially disastrous consequences. Good players seem to make circular roads, which have no intersections at all and therefore no random failures. These are then linked to the distribution networks with various contrivances such as gatehouses, which block wanderers but not walkers with a destination. Putting your whole city on a single long road can also work.
Temples: Do not anger the gods. The first thing you should do after sorting out the basic needs of your citizens is putting up a few temples.