Greetings, and I'm sorry if this has been answered elsewhere. I looked around and didn't see anything.

Are there any significant differences between the GOG release of Star Trek: Bridge Commander and the original CD version, other than the DRM being removed? Is it more stable in Windows 10, or pretty much the same?

I'm not sure if it is the same as the CD version, I would assume so.
But according to this forum post the game should work.
https://www.gog.com/forum/star_trek_bridge_commander/do_any_of_the_star_trek_games_work_on_windows_10_for_anyone

good game

I apparently didn't dig deeply enough, since I was unaware of the game-specific forum. Thanks for the pointer.