I would throw a whole lot of GPU stress tools at it, but I don't know of one that I implicitly trust.
I used to trust OCCT, but since AMD (and Nvidia I think) started implementing automatic downclocking under heavy loads it isn't particularly helpful. In any case this tool is very hard on the GPU and can result in some permanent damage if you're not careful.
Still a couple of ideas come to mind.
*Power supply*
It could be that the current draw from your video card is too much for your power supply to handle. The voltage may be drooping a little too much and so your GPU errors out when at the default clocks. Lowering the voltage decreases the current draw putting less stress on the power suply (and the video card voltage regulators).
Download GPU-Z from here:
http://www.techpowerup.com/gpuz/
Check out the attached image for instructions, following 1) -> 2) -> 3) -> 4)
The render test is very low stress, the primary reason I suggest using it is to get an idea of the voltage that your graphics card normally works at (otherwise GPU-Z will show the idle voltages when not within a game). If it is an overclocked version the Voltage may be higher but the default GTX660 volts is 1.175v according to this anandtech review:
http://www.anandtech.com/show/6276/nvidia-geforce-gtx-660-review-gk106-rounds-out-the-kepler-family/16 So you should see in the VDDC row around 1.175v or perhaps slightly higher depending on how they factory overclocked it.
The trick to seeing if you have a power issue is to see how low this drops when under heavy load.
Notice that there is a red graph to the right of the voltage value?
Every second (you can set it less than that if you want) the GPU-Z application records the voltage and graphs it numerically.
When you open up TW3 leave GPU-Z running in the background (turn off the render test at this point) and play for several minutes. Alt-Tab back to the desktop and move the mouse over the graph, looking for the lower points.
To the left of this, the current voltage that is normally displayed will change to an @ 1.xxxV which will then show you the voltage at that place in the graph. If you find that this is significantly lower than the 1.175v recommended for your card, your power supply may not be providing enough current, or the voltage regulators on the video card itself are under specification (for the given conditions that are required of it). If it is the latter, unless you solder on some new voltage regulators (or perhaps provide better cooling to them), you are probably out of luck.
*Temperature*
Use the same program above to monitor temperatures. When factory overclocked, you would hope that they would consider the worst case situation for airflow and climate, but it may be that they tested the factory overclock up to a temperature that they thought was reasonable (eg 85 degrees).