ChrisSD: ... Depends... how paranoid are you? ...
Trilarion: :) Not really but I like to find things out and clarify the question of the original post.
Thanks for all the great advices. I will try it out!
isis12: ...How exactly have you told your Windows firewall to block Steam?
Have you specified a rule for a program and selected the steam.exe? Because that's what I did and as far as I can tell it's working. ...
Trilarion: That's exactly what I did. I went to the firewall, then to advanced settings, then to inbound and outbound rules and then modifying all rules having Steam in the name to be blocking. I might check this to make sure I did it right.
Until yesterday I had assumed using the Windows firewall to block steam.exe would be sufficient to truly keep the client from communicating with Valve, but after Trilarion wrote about Steam updating in offline mode I dug around a bit and I don't think that's true anymore.
If I block steam.exe and put the client offline, then click on "Steam" in the top left corner and then on "Check for Steam Client Updates" I get the message "Your Steam client is already up-to-date". Sounds like it did check for updates, but maybe they just forgot to put in an error message if the client can't connect, right?
So I installed Wireshark to monitor my network connections. Now, this is the first time I have used this program and I don't understand 75% of the information I get. Hence there is the possibility I misunderstand something. But according to the log, when I click "Check for Steam Client Updates" a query is send to something identified as "media.steampowered.com". I then instantly get a query response from CNAME "valve.vo.llnwd.net".
Sounds very much like communication between my local client and Valve to me and if this happens after I prompt it I wouldn't be surprised if the client did this without my prompt at least once in a while.
TLDR: Offline mode + Windows firewall blocking steam.exe is seemingly not enough to
keep that sneaky thing quiet. I'll test if different firewall settings make a difference and post here if they do.