mr_jrt: I thought that was only for multi-file installations? This is just a single-file one. Maybe I should just dump all these installers and just redownload everything anyway to be safe.
I read that there's a nice script out there that pulls down and archives all your installers, so maybe that's the way to go.
There is some way to retrieve md5 checksums from GOG servers for the installer files, because the gogrepo.py tool does just that... I recall it was mentioned in some earlier discussions, but I don't recall where exactly.
Another option, I think, is that you try to extract your existing installer with innoextract or similar tool. If it extracts ok without errors, then your installer is ok. Naturally, of course, installing the game itself does the same, ie. if the installation completes ok, then obviously the installer was ok because it was able to extract all the installation files.
(I am giving this advice so that you could yourself check each and every installer you have yourself, without having to ask for md5 checksums from other people, one by one.)
When it comes to your filesystem corruption, that is exactly why I am currently into more advanced filesystems like btrfs or OpenZFS, as they have their own checksumming method, and you should be able to see afterwards if your files are still intact, and not corrupted, without having to rely on "external" checksums.