trusteft: First I will tell you the PC hardware I use.
i7 5960X Extreme Edition
64GB RAM
several SSDs (2 PCIE M.2 and the rest SATA)
GTX 1660 Super.
Your hardware setup is fine but I would suggest you also check if you have any onboard services like sound card, Ethernet etc is also supported(99.9% of the time they will be supported but its better to make sure of it), and as @WinterSnowfall said a live cd version will help in this.
trusteft: I have extremely limited knowledge of Linux.
GNU/Linux is not as scary as it is made out to be, if you get struck there are tutorials on the internet for every possible situation and if all else fails you can always ask in this forum, and I am sure you will get help, so don't worry about your limited knowledge.
trusteft: 1) GOG supports only Ubuntu and Mint. Does this mean it does not support Kubuntu? Or say Peppermint etc?
As you are new, let me bore you with some fundamental things, When people say Linux they mean the OS, but in truth Linux refers only to the kernel(the brain) of the OS, to make a OS work you need user applications and other software(eg, word processor, IDE, compiler, etc), these software are mostly released under a licensing agreement called GNU(GNU not Unix), so the OS that you use is actually called GNU/Linux(no one uses these terms anymore sadly)
Now the way these software are packaged(kernel + applications) is called a distribution eg Debian, RedHat, SUSE, Ubuntu, Mint, etc. What this means is Ubuntu arranges the software in a manner that is different then RedHat, but the beauty here is no matter which distribution you use all the software will work in all the distribution as the underlying system(kernel) is the same.
A Point to note, say if Ubuntu foundation is developing a software, there is a chance that it might get updated in Ubuntu first than in say Damn Small Linux(DSL) but it will happen eventually. And as none of the games are developed by GNU/Linux distributions this situation will never happen.
Another thing to note is, the packages(term for software in GNU/Linux world) is distributed in mostly two forms .deb & .rpm(Games are distributed as .sh, .sh is a shell script and it is .bat equivalent), previously(say 15 years ago) there were difficulty in converting .rpm to .deb or the other way around, but today that problem is solved, so no matter which distribution you use you can make the package work.
trusteft: 2) Overall what percentage of games I own from GOG would work without issues or any major issue on a linux installation? So if I have say 1600 games here would half of them be ok? Less, more?
It is very difficult to say in percentage terms, I strongly recommend you search this page [url=https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&sTitle=Browse Applications&sOrderBy=appName&bAscending=true]Wine AppDB Page[/url] for the games you own or play to purchase. This is Wine application database, an underlying software that is used to run MS Windows software on GNU/Linux.
trusteft: 3) Do you need to use a terminal every time you need to install software, games or not?
You might be using the terminal sometime, and if you don't mind me saying, using terminal is actually not that difficult(you hear this being repeated often and there is truth in this)
trusteft: 4) What's the malware situation. Do you need something like Malware Bytes on it? If it is even available that is.
If you stick to downloading packages only from official repositories, and stick to safe browsing habits, the chances of getting infected is almost nil, and a word of advice, never run any software as root(the super user account like an admin account in MS Windows) and your system will be fine.
trusteft: 5) How are older (linus) versions dealt with? Do you lose all support? Do you lose compatibility if you go on a new version?
It is kinda tricky here, because when people say older version, they refer to the distribution version not the Kernel + Applications, these applications and kernel you can update it yourself without the distribution version changing, but it involves a bit of work though.
Now I am going to confuse you a bit so sorry about that, Take Debian distribution for example, it is in version 10 with current kernel version 4.10.0-17 but the current kernel version that is available for download is version 5.13. Whereas Ubuntu has moved to 5.x version already, does that make Debian obsolete, on the paper it looks like it but if the functionality of 5.x is not needed by me, I can stay with this kernel for a log time, because most of the time almost all the distribution will have long term support for the distributions so security patches will keep coming and once you are sure that you want to upgrade you can upgrade the system.
Ubuntu Release
Cycle Debian Release
Cycle These days distribution update is as easy as clicking an update button in most of the distribution.
trusteft: 6) If there are no extra problems with compatibility, what's the best distro if I want to use as little (or none) terminal commands as possible?
This is just for compatibility sake as if you encounter a problem and ask for official GOG help they will tell you to they only support Ubuntu so I would suggest you start with Ubuntu just to be on the safe side. Once you get comfortable then you can switch to other distributions.
trusteft: 7) How easy is it for games which are not native to linux, to run on linux? Both older games (DOS or early Windows) and more modern including Windows 10 games.
If they are listed as gold, platinum in the Wine AppDB, then you can use any of the wrapper software like playonlinux, Lutris, to install them with just a few clicks.
If you want fine control over the packages and once you have understood the working of the OS in general you can use Wine directly and avoid wrappers.
trusteft: 8) I use Vegas editing software and I don't want to change it. As far as I know there is no official release of it for Linux. Has anyone tried it and does it work fine or it's just a bad idea to try to use it under Linux?
I did a search of the
Wine AppDB and version 13 is listed as Gold, so it might work.
trusteft: 9) Anything else important I should know?
1.Always install MS Windows first and then install GNU/Linux, because MS Windows don't have the capability to boot GNU/Linux.
2.When you install OS the last OS that you install will have the control over boot record(what operating systems are there in the system and how to boot them) so if you delete that os then you will loose the ability to boot the system(it is possible to do it over command line but it is not for new people). So never delete the OS partition, always install an OS over it.
3.Secure boot(UEFI) is a pain to get it working, some distributions support it some don't, so don't be afraid to disable it when installing distributions that don't support it.
3.Don't be afraid to tinker with the OS, have a separate partition for your data and you can do all sorts of experiments on the OS partition.
4.Nvidia proprietary driver is miles ahead in graphics performance than nouveau driver, so always use the one from nvidia, and Vulkan architecture gives better performance, so get those driver.
Nvidia vulkan driver
https://developer.nvidia.com/vulkan-driver regular Nvidia driver
https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us 5. There is this thing called dependency hell, where once package depends on the other and that depends on the other and so on and so forth, Say one software that is 10 links down the like refuses to install on your system then the whole software chain will refuse to install, this doesn't happen unless you try to install software outside the repository, if that is ever to happen please ask for help immediately, because if you try to fix it without understand why it is happening in the first place you will end up breaking more and it will make the recovery difficult.
Take whatever I said as a supplement to what @WinterSnowfall has said before.
If you need any help, don't hesitate to ask.
Edit:1 Link added